Version B

Write your name at the top of this quiz as well as on your answer sheet. WRITE YOUR VERSION ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET. Feel free to write or draw on the quiz.

PICK THE BEST ANSWER FOR EACH QUESTION.

1. The Kirkwood Gaps are:
a) Large cracks in the surface of Mars.
b) Gaps in the rings of Saturn.
c) Gaps in the distribution of asteroids in the Asteroid Belt.
d) Cracks in the icy surface of Europa.
e) Stripes in the south polar region of Enceladus.

c) Gaps in the distribution of asteroids in the Asteroid Belt.

2. For which object(s) have we never obtained close-up satellite pictures?
a) Pluto, comets, and asteroids.
b) asteroids and comet nuclei.
c) comet nuclei.
d) A Kuiper Belt object.
e) None of the above.

e) None of the above.

3. The term `shepherd moon' refers to:
a) The two small moons of Mars.
b) A moon that was torn apart by tidal forces, and thus contributed to a ring around a planet.
c) A Kuiper Belt object.
d) A moon that was formed elsewhere in the solar system, and was gravitationally captured by its planet.
e) A moon whose gravitational influence helps to keep ring particles in place.

e) A moon whose gravitational influence helps to keep ring particles in place.

4. Which of the following is true about Callisto?
a) It has many active volcanoes.
b) It has many large extinct volcanoes.
c) It has active geysers.
d) About half of its face shows very few craters; the rest is quite cratered.
e) All over it has a dark cratered surface.

e) All over it has a dark cratered surface.

5. Which of the following is NOT found on Pluto's surface?
a) A rocky cratered surface like the highlands of the Moon.
b) Possible cryo-volcanoes.
c) Many craters.
d) Possible nitrogen ice glaciers.
e) A large heart-shaped patch of various kinds of ices.

a) A rocky cratered surface like the highlands of the Moon.

6. The `cantaloupe terrain' of Triton is:

a) very cratered rocky surface.
b) very cratered water ice.
c) icy ridges with few craters.
d) icy ridges covered with many craters.
e) a rocky surface with few craters but many ridges.

c) icy ridges with few craters.

7. The surface of Venus shows:
a) a cracked surface covered with water ice.
b) a very cratered surface similar to the highlands on the Moon.
c) large subduction zones and mountain ranges similar to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, indicating large-scale plate tectonics.
d) large mountains clearly volcanic in origin.
e) liquid metallic hydrogen lakes.

d) large mountains clearly volcanic in origin.

8. Liquid metallic hydrogen probably exists:
a) On the surface of Pluto.
b) In the interiors of Jupiter and Saturn.
c) In the outer core of the Earth.
d) In the interiors of all four Jovian planets.
e) On the surface of Venus.

b) In the interiors of Jupiter and Saturn.

9. The Oort Cloud is:
a) another name for the asteroid belt.
b) another name for the Kuiper belt.
c) a reservoir of comet nuclei 50,000 AU from the Sun.
d) a swarm of asteroids in the orbit of Jupiter.
e) a large dusty ring around Saturn.

c) a reservoir of comet nuclei 50,000 AU from the Sun.

10. Why isn't Hyperion tidally locked to Saturn?

a) It is too massive.
b) It is too far away from Saturn to be locked.
c) Titan breaks the tidal lock of Saturn.
d) It is a perfect sphere, thus Saturn cannot lock onto it.
e) It is too small.

c) Titan breaks the tidal lock of Saturn.

11. On which of the following objects are very high, probably extinct, volcanic mountains seen?
a) Mars.
b) Io.
c) Callisto.
d) Mimas.
e) Europa.

a) Mars.

12. Where in the solar system are possible lakes of liquid methane found?
a) Titan.
b) Callisto.
c) Io.
d) Venus.
e) Mars.

a) Titan.

13. Which of the following has the most craters, per area, on its surface?
a) Enceladus.
b) Mimas.
c) Triton.
d) Io.
e) Europa.

b) Mimas.

14. Which of the following objects is spherical in shape?
a) Ceres.
b) Hyperion.
c) Phobos.
d) Deimos.
e) All of the above.

a) Ceres.

15. The largest regions of highlands on Venus are named:
a) Ishtar and Aphrodite.
b) Phoebe and Caloris.
c) Loki and Valhalla.
d) Ariel and Umbriel.
e) Styx and Hydra.

a) Ishtar and Aphrodite.

16. Saturn's moon Phoebe:
a) Has active geysers that are squirting water vapor into space.
b) Has a water ice surface with almost no craters.
c) Has liquid methane lakes on its surface.
d) Has a retrograde orbit.
e) Has an atmospheric pressure 1.6 times that of Earth.

d) Has a retrograde orbit.

17. According to the definitions given in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU), what is the difference between a planet and a dwarf planet?
a) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, and Pluto are defined as dwarf planets, while Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are planets.
b) All of the asteroids in the asteroid belt are defined as dwarf planets, while objects beyond Neptune are defined as planets.
c) A planet is spherical; a dwarf planet is elongated.
d) A planet has cleared the neighborhood around its orbit.
e) A planet orbits the Sun; a dwarf planet orbits a planet.

d) A planet has cleared the neighborhood around its orbit.

18. Which of the following features are seen on the surface of Venus, but NOT on Mars?
a) Dry river beds.
b) Large mountains that were volcanic in origin.
c) Rovers from Earth.
d) Polar ice caps.
e) Corona.

e) Corona.

19. Which of the following moons belong to Saturn?
a) Ariel and Umbriel.
b) Tritan.
c) Mimas and Enceladus.
d) Styx, Hydra, Nix, and Kerberos.
e) Callisto and Io.

c) Mimas and Enceladus.

20. The New Horizons spacecraft flew by the Kuiper Belt object Arrokoth in January 2019. Which of the following objects does Arrokoth most resemble?
a) The moons of Mars.
b) Two large chunks of ice stuck together.
c) Io.
d) The near-Earth asteroid Eros.
e) The maria of the Moon.

b) Two large chunks of ice stuck together.