ASTR 1020 Spring 2019: Study Guide for Quiz #2
Topics you should know and
understand for Quiz #2
(not necessarily a complete list)
ASSIGNED READINGS FOR THIS QUIZ:
Sections 2.7 - 2.8;
Sections 3.4 - 3.5; Chapter 4;
Sections 16.2 - 16.5; Section 16.7;
17.1 - 17.5.
1) DEFINITIONS:
Magnetic Dynamo;
Annular
Eclipse;
Chromosphere; Corona;
Solar Wind;
Magnitudes (Apparent vs. Absolute);
Convection;
Spicule;
Coronagraph;
Sunspot,
The Sunspot Cycle;
Butterfly Diagram;
Differential Rotation;
Prominence, Flare; Main Sequence Star; Giant/Supergiant star;
Proper Motion;
the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram;
Excitation;
Convection; Excited atom; Absorption-line spectrum (dark-line spectrum);
Emission-line Spectrum (bright-line spectrum);
Kirchoff's Laws;
Neutrino Oscillations;
Vapor Lamp;
Doppler Shift; Redshift; Blueshift;
Luminosity Class; Spectral Type; B-V;
Spectroscopic Parallax;
Stellar Parallax;
Inertia; Velocity; Acceleration;
Center of Mass.
2) MATHEMATICAL RELATIONSHIPS:
The relationship between apparent magnitude
and brightness; the relationship
between absolute magnitude and luminosity;
the relationship between angular size, distance,
and physical size (theta proportional to x/D);
Stefan's Law;
Wien's Law;
the inverse square law of light;
F = MA; Newton's Law of
Universal Gravitation;
The center of mass equation.
3) OTHER THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW:
Under what conditions an absorption line spectrum is produced;
What produces a continuous spectrum;
What produces an emission-line spectrum;
The seven main regions in the Sun;
The optical spectrum of hydrogen (the H-alpha, H-beta, H-gamma lines and
what transitions produce these lines);
The solar neutrino problem and its
probable resolution;
Why sunspots are dark; What produces prominences and flares on
the Sun;
The basic characteristics of the Sunspot Cycle;
How to tell the difference between a parallax shift and proper motion;
The best-known scientific work of Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Norris Russell;
The seven main spectral types of stars (OBAFGKM), their temperatures,
and the characteristic spectral lines of each class;
The location of different luminosity classes on the H-R diagram;
Three ways to get the temperatures of stars
(Wien's Law, B-V, spectral type);
Newton's three Laws of Motion;
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation;
Two ways to get radii of stars (direct angular measurement,
Stefan's Law);
Two ways to get the distances to stars (stellar parallax, spectroscopic
parallax).