Modern Algebra 1 - Fall 2015

Niels Henrik Abel, 1802-1829

Evariste Galois, 1811-1832

Peter Ludwig Sylow, 1832-1918

Emmy Noether, 1882-1935


The Fall 2015 Modern Algebra 1 Class.

COURSE: MATH 5410-001, Call # 84841

TIME AND PLACE: 12:45-2:05 TR in Lamb Hall, Room 054

INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Robert Gardner OFFICE HOURS: 3:35-4:00 TR and by appointment

OFFICE: Room 308F of Gilbreath Hall

PHONE: 439-6979 (308F Gilbreath), Math Department Office 439-4349

E-MAIL:gardnerr@etsu.edu
WEBPAGE: http://faculty.etsu.edu/gardnerr/gardner.htm (see my webpage for a copy of this course syllabus, copies of the classnotes in PDF, and updates for the course).

TEXT: Algebra, by Thomas W. Hungerford (1974).

CLASS NOTES: We will use projected digital notes for the component of the lecture consisting of definitions, statements of theorems, and some examples. Proofs of the vast majority of theorems, propositions, lemmas, and corollaries are available and in Beamer presentations and will be presented in class as time permits. The white board for marginal notes and additional examples and explanation. Copies of the notes are online at: http://faculty.etsu.edu/gardnerr/5410/notes-groups.htm and http://faculty.etsu.edu/gardnerr/5410/notes-rings.htm It is strongly recommended that you get printed copies of the overheads before the material is covered in class. This will save you from writing down most notes in class and you can concentrate on listening and supplementing the notes with comments which you find relevant. You should read the online notes to be covered in class before each class (we may not have class time to cover every little detail in the online notes). Try to understand the definitions, the examples, and the meanings of the theorems. After each class, you should read the section of the book covered in that class, paying particular attention to examples and proofs.

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES:
A First Course in Abstract Algebra, 7th Edition, John B. Fraleigh, NY: Addison-Wesley, 2003.
Abstract Algebra, 3rd Edition, David S. Dummit and Richard M. Foote, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2004.
Visual Group Theory by Nathan Carter, New York: Mathematical Association of America, 2009. I will use this resource for some motivational and geometric examples.
A History of Abstract Algebra, by Isreal Kleiner, Boston: Birkhauser, 2007. As time permits, I will insert some historical comments and this is be a reliable source of such information.

PREREQUISITE: As the ETSU catalog states, the prerequisite for this class is Introduction to Modern Algebra (MATH 4127/5127).

HOMEWORK: YOU MUST SHOW ALL DETAILS ON THE HOMEWORK PROBLEMS!!! Justify every step and claim you make - this is how you convince me that you know what you are doing. You may find some answers online, but these rarely sufficiently justify all steps and are unacceptable as homework solutions.

ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT: While I suspect that you may work with each other on the homework problems (in fact, I encourage you to), I expect that the work you turn in is your own and that you understand it. Some of the homework problems are fairly standard for this class, and you may find proofs online or in an online version of the solutions manual. The online proofs may not be done with the notation, definitions, and specific methods which we are developing and, therefore, are not acceptable for this class. If I get homework from two (or more) of you that is virtually identical, then neither of you will get any credit. If you copy homework solutions from an online source, then you will get no credit. These are examples of plagiarism and I will have to act on this as spelled out on ETSU's "Academic Integrity @ ETSU" webpage: http://www.etsu.edu/academicintegrity/faculty.aspx (last accessed 7/21/2013). To avoid this, do not copy homework and turn it in as your own!!! Even if you collaborate with someone, if you write the homework problems out in such a way that you understand all of the little steps and details, then it will be unique and your own work.

GRADING: Homework (H) to be turned in will be assigned regularly. We will have two tests (T1 and T2) and your average will be computed as follows:

AVERAGE = (2H + T1 + T2)/4.
Grades will be assigned based on a 10 point scale with "plus" and "minus" grades being assigned as appropriate. Based on the assignment of grad points by ETSU, the plus and minus grades should be given on a 3 point subscale. For example, a B+ corresponds to an average of 87, 88, or 89; an A- corresponds to an average of 90, 91, or 92; an A corresponds to an average of 93 to 100 (ETSU does not grant A+ grades, nor passing graduate grades lower than C), etc.

DESIRE2LEARN: I will not rely on the Desire2Learn ("elearn") website. Instead, I will simply post all material directly on the internet. However, I will post your homework grades on D2L.

SYLLABUS ATTACHMENT: You can find an on-line version of the university's syllabus attachment (which contains general information concerning advisement, honor codes, dropping, etc.) at: http://www.etsu.edu/reg/documents/PDF/Syllabus%20Attachment.pdf (last accessed 8/25/2015).

NOTE: When we compare the undergraduate and graduate analysis sequences, we see that the material covered in the graduate class consists mostly of generalizations of the undergraduate material (for example, the undergraduate class covers Riemann integration and the graduate class covers Lebesgue measure and Lebesgue integration). This is not the case for the undergraduate and graduate algebra sequences, however. In Introduction to Modern Algebra 1 and 2 (MATH 4127/5127, MATH 4137/5137) you are introduced to the structures of modern algebra (groups, rings, fields, quotient groups, ideals, extension fields, algebraically closed fields, solvable polynomial equations). You elaborate on these structures with many examples and state numerous theorems which illustrate the properties and relations between them. However, there is only enough time to prove a limited number of the results. In this graduate sequence, we assume a familiarity with the structures discussed and go into more depth and many more proofs. The goal of Modern Algebra 1 is to cover all of the material on groups and some of the material on rings. In Modern Algebra 2, we will finish the material on rings, lightly touch on modules, and spend the majority of our time on fields. The two main goals of the Modern Algebra sequence are to give a proof (which is as "algebraic" as possible) of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra (in Section V.3) and to prove the insolvability of the quintic (in Section V.9).

IMPORTANT DATES: (see http://www.etsu.edu/etsu/academicdates.aspx for the official ETSU calendar; accessed 2/8/2015):

The ETSU Abstract Algebra Club
As a student in this class, you will be enrolled in the ETSU Abstract Algebra Club. A description of the club is online here. We should have at least one formal meeting per semester.

Other Supplemental Material

What's the Weather Like on Campus?
Since there is the chance that classes might be cancelled due to weather this semester, in the event of bad weather you should monitor local media (Campus Cable TV, WETS FM89.5 radio, and WJHL Channel 11) to see if ETSU is open or closed. A mass notification system is used to provide email and text messages to members of the campus community. So you will get an e-mail to your ETSU account if classes are cancelled. An easier option is to have a text sent to your phone when classes are cancelled. You can sign up for this service at: GoldAlert registration. E-Learning has a webcam pointing at the northwest end of Nick's Hall which you can use to get some idea of the current weather conditions on campus: ETSU NOW.

Our tentative schedule for the year is as follows:

MODERN ALGEBRA 1
MODERN ALGEBRA 2
I.1. Semigroups, Monoids, and Groups
III.2. Ideals
I.2. Homomorphisms and Subgroups
III.3. Factorization in Commutative Rings
I.3. Cyclic Groups
III.4. Rings of Quotients and Localization (time permitting)
I.4. Cosets and Counting
III.5. Rings of Polynomials and Formal Power Series
I.5. Normality, Quotient Groups, and Homomorphisms
III.6. Factorization in Polynomial Rings
I.6. Symmetric, Alternating, and Dihedral Groups
IV.1. Modules, Homomorphisms, Exact Sequences (time permitting)
I.7. Categories: Products, Coproducts, and Free Objects
IV.2. Free Modules and Vector Spaces (time permitting)
I.8. Direct Products and Direct Sums
V.1. Field Extensions
I.9. Free Groups, Free Products, Generators & Relations
V.2. The Fundamental Theorem
II.1. Free Abelian Groups (time permitting)
V.3. Splitting Fields, Algebraic Closure, and Normality
II.2. Finitely Generated Abelian Groups (time permitting)
V.4. The Galois Group of a Polynomial
II.4. The Action of a Group on a Set
V.5. Finite Fields
II.5. The Sylow Theorems
V.6. Separabilty
II.6. Classification of Finite Groups
V.7. Cyclic Extensions
Supplement: Direct Products and Semidirect Products (time permitting)
V.8. Cyclotomic Extensions
II.7. Nilpotent and Solvable Groups
V.9. Radical Extensions
II.8. Normal and Subnormal Series
VI.1. Transcendence Bases (time permitting)
III.1. Rings and Homomorphisms
VI.2. Linear Disjointness and Separability (time permitting)

Homework

Section
Problems
Solutions
Due Date
Points
I.1. Semigroups, Monoids, and Groups
2, 7, 11 (modified) 15
Solutions
Thursday, September 3
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
I.2. Homomorphisms and Subgroups
1, 3, 9(a), 11
Solutions
Friday, September 11
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
I.3. Cyclic Groups
I.4. Cosets and Counting
8, 9, 10
3
Solutions
Friday, September 18
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
I.4. Cosets and Counting
I.5 Normality, Quotient Groups, and Homomorphisms
6, 9
1, 6, 7, Bonus: 10
Solutions
Friday, September 25
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + (5) = 25 + (5)
I.5. Normality, Quotient Groups, and Homomorphisms
I.6 Symmetric, Altternating, and Dihedral Groups
15
5, 6, 9
Solutions
Friday, October 2
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
I.7. Categories: Products, Coproducts, and Free Objects
1
Solutions
Thursday, October 15
-
I.8. Direct Products and Direct Sums
5, 9, 12(a), 14, Bonus: A
Solutions
Friday, October 23
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + (5) = 20 + (5)
I.9. Free Groups, Free Products, Generators, and Relations
1, 2, 5, 8
Solutions
Friday, November 6
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
II.4. The Action of a Group on a Set
3, 4 (modified), 7, 9, Bonus: 12
Solutions
Friday, November 13
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + (5) = 20 + (5)
II.5. The Sylow Theorems
1, 6, 9, 10(a)
Solutions
Friday, November 20
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
II.6. Classification of Finite Groups
II.7. Nilpotent and Solvable Groups
1, 3, A
8(a),(b)
Solutions
Friday, December 4
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
II.8. Normal and Subnormal Series
5(b)
Solutions
Thursday, December 10
-
TOTAL
-
-
-
205 + (15)
The numbers in parentheses represent bonus problems.


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Last updated: December 2, 2015.