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Scale Models and Sketches

Suppose that you want to know the apparent angular size of the Sun. It might help to draw a sketch (often so!) in order to visualize the problem. The difficulty is that the Earth is around 7,000 km in radius, the Sun 700,000 km in radius, but the distance between the Earth and Sun is around 150,000,000 km. So if on a blackboard you drew the Earth to be 1 cm in radius, the Sun would be 1 m in radius and the blackboard would have to be 20 meters long the accommodate their separation! Fat chance.

Instead, one draws a sketch that is not true-to-life in terms of the ``scales'' (i.e., the relative sizes), but is representative. These sketches are useful for better picturing things (especially for those who are visually oriented), but ALWAYS beware of the limitations of such drawings. If the drawing is not to scale, you can sometimes be misled. For example, the angular size of the Sun at the Earth is about $0.5^\circ$; however, a little representative drawing might lead you to believe the angle should be bigger. You would be misled in thinking so because the scale of your sketch is not properly represented and will probably overestimate the size of the angle.


next up previous
Next: Errors and Uncertainty Up: astromaths Previous: Order of Magnitude
2006-01-05