Introduction to Modern Algebra 2 - Spring 2014

Niels Henrik Abel, 1802-1829

Evariste Galois, 1811-1832

Peter Ludwig Sylow, 1832-1918

Emmy Noether, 1882-1935


The spring 2014 Introduction to Modern Algebra 2 class.

COURSE: MATH 5137-001, Call # 13499

TIME AND PLACE: 9:45-11:05 TR in Burleson Hall room 201

INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Robert Gardner OFFICE HOURS: TBA

OFFICE: Room 308F of Gilbreath Hall

PHONE: 439-6979 (308F Gilbreath), Math Department Office 439-4349

E-MAIL:gardnerr@etsu.edu
WEBPAGE: http://faculty.etsu.edu/gardnerr/gardner.htm (see my webpage for a copy of this course syllabus, copies of the classnotes in PDF, and updates for the course).

TEXT: A First Course in Abstract Algebra, 7th edition, by John B. Fraleigh (2002).

CLASS NOTES: We will use overheads for component of the lecture consisting of definitions, statements of theorems, and some examples. I will use the white board for additional examples and proofs of theorems. Copies of the notes are online at: http://faculty.etsu.edu/gardnerr/4127/notes.htm It is strongly recommended that you get printed copies of the overheads before the material is covered in class. This will save you from writing down most notes in class and you can concentrate on listening and supplementing the notes with comments which you find relevant. You should read the online notes to be covered in class before each class (we may not have class time to cover every little detail in the online notes). Try to understand the definitions, the examples, and the meanings of the theorems. After each class, you should read the section of the book covered in that class, paying particular attention to examples and proofs.

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES:
Visual Group Theory by Nathan Carter, New York: Mathematical Association of America, 2009. I will use this resource for some motivational and geometric examples.
Algebra by Thomas W. Hungerford, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1974. This is a standard graduate level algebra textbook. I will lightly rely on it for deeper results and proofs (some of which are omitted from out text).
A History of Abstract Algebra, by Isreal Kleiner, Boston: Birkhauser, 2007. As time permits, I will insert some historical comments and this is be a reliable source of such information.

PREREQUISITES: As the ETSU catalog states, the prerequisite for this class is Introduction to Modern Algebra (MATH 4127).

HOMEWORK: YOU MUST SHOW ALL DETAILS ON THE HOMEWORK PROBLEMS!!! Justify every step and claim you make - this is how you convince me that you know what you are doing. Partial answers to some of the odd numbered problems are given in the back of the book. However, these answers are not explained in any level of detail, so you are required to provide all details. Homework problems will be due on Fridays and, as time permits, I will address specific questions in class during the week of the Friday assignment.

ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT: While I suspect that you may work with each other on the homework problems (in fact, I encourage you to), I expect that the work you turn in is your own and that you understand it. Some of the homework problems are fairly standard for this class, and you may find proofs online or in an online version of the solutions manual. The online proofs may not be done with the notation, definitions, and specific methods which we are developing and, therefore, are not acceptable for this class. If I get homework from two (or more) of you that is virtually identical, then neither of you will get any credit. If you copy homework solutions from an online source, then you will get no credit. These are examples of plagiarism and I will have to act on this as spelled out on ETSU's "Academic Integrity @ ETSU" webpage: http://www.etsu.edu/academicintegrity/faculty.aspx (last accessed 1/11/2014). To avoid this, do not copy homework and turn it in as your own!!! Even if you collaborate with someone, if you write the homework problems out in such a way that you understand all of the little steps and details, then it will be unique and your own work.

GRADING: Your grade will be determined by the average on the homework assignments. Grades will be assigned based on a 10 point scale with "plus" and "minus" grades being assigned as appropriate (based on grade points assigned by the university, on a plus/minus 3 point system). Occasionally, the homework assignments will include bonus problems, but there are no other options for extra credit.

DESIRE2LEARN: I will not rely on the Desire2Learn ("elearn") website. Instead, I will simply post all material directly on the internet. However, I will post your homework grades on D2L.

SYLLABUS ATTACHMENT: You can find an on-line version of the university's syllabus attachment (which contains general information concerning advisement, honor codes, dropping, etc.) at: http://www.etsu.edu/reg/documents/PDF/Syllabus_Attachment.pdf (last accessed 10/30/2013).

NOTE: Introduction to Modern Algebra (MATH 5127) left off right at the point when the topics of "modern algebra" were starting to overlap with what we think of as "classical algebra." We will pick up where we left off and see extension fields, discuss the real numbers (in particular, algebraic and transcendental numbers), and develop the complex numbers as an algebraic extension of the real numbers. We will explore algebraic solutions of polynomial equations and attain our "basic goal" of showing that there is no algebraic solution of a 5th degree polynomial equation (this will be the climax of the two semester undergraduate algebra sequence!!!). Following this, we will further examine topics from group theory (namely, the Sylow Theorems and free groups). Finally, we will explore factorization.

We will first cover parts V (Ideals and Factor Rings), VI (Extension Fields), and X (Automorphisms and Galois Theory). Then, we will backtrack and cover parts VII (Advanced Group Theory) and IX (Factorization), as time permits.

IMPORTANT DATES (see http://www.etsu.edu/etsu/academicdates.aspx for the official ETSU calendar; last accessed 7/21/2013):
Monday, January 20 = Martin Luther King, Jr. Holiday.
Wednesday, January 29 = Last day to drop without a grade of "W."
Monday through Friday, March 10 to 15 = Spring Break Holiday.
Wednesday, March 12 = Last day to drop without dean's permission.
Wednesday, April 30 = Last day to withdraw from the university.
Friday, May 2 = Last day of class.

Other Supplemental Material

Our tentative schedule is as follows:

DAY
SECTION
THR 1/16
V.26. Homomorphisms and Factor Rings
TUE 1/21
V.27. Prime and Maximal Ideals
THR 1/23
VI.29. Introduction to Extension Fields
TUE 1/28
VI.30. Vector Spaces
THR 1/30
VI.31. Algebraic Extensions
TUE 2/4
VI.32. Geometric Constructions
THR 2/6
VI.33. Finite Fields
TUE 2/11
VII.34. Isomorphism Theorems
THR 2/13
VII.35. Series of Groups
TUE 2/18
Catch Up Day
THR 2/20
X.48. Automorphisms of Fields
TUE 2/25
X.49. The Isomorphism Extension Theorem
THR 2/27
X.50. Splitting Fields
TUE 3/4
X.51. Separable Extensions
THR 3/6
X.53. Galois Theory
THR 3/11
Holiday. Spring Break
TUE 3/13
Holiday. Spring Break
TUE 3/18
X.54. Illustrations of Galois Theory
THR 3/20
X.55. Cyclotomic Extensions
TUE 3/25
X.56. Insolvability of the Quintic
THR 3/27
Catch Up Day
TUE 4/1
VII.36. Sylow Theorems
THR 4/3
VII.37. Applications of Sylow Theorems
TUE 4/8
VII.38. Free Abelian Groups
THR 4/10
VII.39. Free Groups
TUE 4/15
VII.40. Group Presentations
THR 4/17
IX.45. Unique Factorization Domains
TUE 4/22
IX.46. Euclidean Domains
THR 4/24
IX.47. Gaussian Integers and Multiplicative Norms
TUE 4/29
Catch Up Day
THR 5/1
Conclusion

Homework

Section
Problems
Solutions
Due Date
Points
V.26. Homomorphisms and Factor Rings
3 (modified), 4 (modified), 18, 24, 27
Solutions
Friday, 1/24
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 25
V.29. Introduction to Extension Fields
5 (modified), 6 (modified), 29, 30, 33
Solutions
Tuesday, 2/4
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 25
VI.30. Vector Spaces
VI.31. Algebraic Extensions
6-8-9, 19-20, 21, 23
7-13, 27, BONUS: 28
Solutions
Thursday, 2/20
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
5 + 5 + (5) = 10 + (5)
VI.32. Geometric Constructions
VI.33. Finite Fields
5, 7-8
10, 11
Solutions
Friday, 2/28
5 + 5 = 10
5 + 5 = 10
VI.34. Isomorphism Theorems
3 (modified), 5 (modified), 7, 9, BONUS: 8
Solutions
Friday, 3/7
5 + 5 + 5 + + 5 + (5) = 20 + (5)
VI.35. Series of Groups
1 (modified), 7 (modified), 23, 24
Solutions
Wednesday, 3/26
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
X.48. Automorphisms of Fields
8(modified)-10-18, 32, 34
Solutions
Friday, 3/28
5 + 5 + 5 = 15
X.49. The Isomorphism Extension Theorem
X.50. Splitting Fields
1, 5
2, 18, 20
Solutions
Frisday, 4/4
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 25
X.51. Separable Extensions
Essay Question 1; 2, 9, 13, Bonus, Bonus
Solutions
Friday, 4/11
10 + 5 + 5 + 5 + (5) + (3) = 25 + (8)
X.53. Galois Theory
4-6, 12 (modified), 16, 21
Solutions
Friday, 4/18
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
X.54. Illustrations of Galois Theory
4ab, 4cg, 9a-10a, 11
Solutions
Wednesday, 4/30
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
X.56. Insolvability of the Quintic
2, 8c, 9
Solutions
Thursday, 5/8
5 + 5 + 5 = 15
TOTAL
-
-
-
260 + (18)
The numbers in parentheses represent bonus problems.


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Last updated: April 28, 2014.