We briefly mention two other geometers who lived shortly after Euclid. Perhaps the best known of the ancient mathematicians is Archimedes of Syracuse (287 BCE to 212 BCE). He wrote on engineering topics and his work on what would become integral calculus was 1900 years ahead of its time! The recent discovery of a copy of his Method has stimulated renewed study of how he thought through ideas which would not be dealt with again until around 1700 by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz.
Another one worthy of mention is Apollonius of Perga (267 BCE to 190 BCE). He was known as "The Great Geometer" and his best known work is titled The Conics. In this work, Apollonius introduced the terms "parabola," "ellipse," and "hyperbola."
Theon of Alexandria worked in the late fourth century CE. He was prolific both as an editor and as an author of commentaries. Until the early nineteenth century his edition of Euclid's Elements was our only access to the original text. Theon's successor as principal mathematician in Alexandria was his daughter Hypatia. She taught and lectured in the Neoplatonic School. Her death at the hands of Christian zealots in 415 CE marks the end of significant mathematical thought in Alexandria [Deakin, page 29].
