• The official Python documentation web site can be found at: https://www.python.org/doc/ .
• A very useful interactive Python programming tutorial web site can be found at: https://www.learnpython.org/ .
• Overview of Python version 3 Built-in Types web site can be found at: https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html .
• User Guide for the Python matplotlib library can be found at: https://matplotlib.org/users/index.html .
• Details of the savefig() function in the matplotlib library can be found at: https://matplotlib.org/devdocs/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.savefig.html .
• The Python NumPy library web site can be found at: http://www.numpy.org/ .
• Complete list of mathematical functions in the SciPy library can be found at: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-1.13.0/reference/routines.math.html .

Please note that the Python codes below have filenames ending in`.txt'. Once you download them, please rename these files from "filename".txt to "filename".py (minus the double quotes). For instance, the first Python code below you would rename this file from myplot1.txt to myplot1.py.

Finally note that all of these programs load the numpy and the matplotlib utilities and require Python version 3+. As such, you would run these codes from the Linux prompt with

      python3   myplot1.py

and

      python3   myplot2.py

Please note that the Python code below has a filename ending in`.txt'. Once you have clipped and paste the text of this file to the file you opened on your Linux emacs GUI that you have opened, save this file as "specplot.py" (minus the double quotes).

Now do the exact same thing for each of the spectrum files, saving each file with the filename listed in the table below.

Finally note that this program loads the numpy and the matplotlib utilities and require Python version 3+. As such, you would run these codes from the Linux prompt with

      python3   specplot.py   sun981.wvc for each of the spectrum files listed below.

Please note that the Python code below has a filename ending in '.txt'. On your Linux box, cd to your Python subdirectory, then make a new subdirectory called orbits, then cd to that subdirectory. From there, open an emacs GUI session with

      emacs   orbits.py   &

Now from your web browser, click on the following file: orbits.py. Then copy and paste the program from your web browser screen to your emacs GUI screen. Following this, save this file.

Now run then program with

      python3   orbits.py

Finally note that this program loads the numpy and the matplotlib utilities and requires Python version 3+. This code will calculate the orbits of the Earth and Halley's comet using the 4th-order Runge-Kutta ODE method. Run the code for both Earth and Halley's comet, paying attention to the plots generated. I will explain the details of this code in class.

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